I know you can press f9 to toggle camera angles, but is there something I can bind to toggle between 1st person and 3rd person alternate, for example, easily? The f9 toggles through like 6 different angles including a cinimatic type and a stationary angle where you can't control your ship, which is not great for toggling during combat.

Im not PC but I am pretty sure there is a bind. Check the controls in the option to make sure there is one.

I''m not sure if there's a command for it, but at a minimum you should be able to create a macro that can rapidly execute the camera command enough times to switch to and then from 3rd person.

Note about "stationary" angle - thats controllable in mouselook mode; camera moves independently of your ship, but has set speeds.